• The proliferation of CCA cell lines can be

  2020-07-03

  

  The proliferation of CCA cell lines can be stimulated by estrogen and other growth factors (Alvaro et al., 2006; DeMorrow, 2009; Mancino et al., 2009). It has also been reported that estrogen positively modulates cholangiocyte proliferation, which is associated with cholangiopathies found in humans

• In addition to the ESIs identified that target both

  2020-07-03

  

  In addition to the ESIs identified that target both EPAC1 and EPAC2, ESI-05 and ESI-07 were identified as compounds that selectively antagonise EPAC2, displaying almost no inhibition of EPAC1 at concentrations up to 100μM [99]. Both compounds were effective inhibitors EPAC2 GEF activity towards Rap1

• Compounds were synthesized using a facile step convergent sy

  2020-07-03

  

  Compounds were synthesized using a facile 8-step convergent synthesis ( and ). Briefly, (Boc)cyclen (compound ) was coupled using TBTU to Fmoc- or Cbz-protected amino alkyl acids (–), followed by deprotection using 20% piperidine in DMF, or H on Pd/C, respectively (–) (). Deprotected linkers were co

• Although many neurotransmitters e g catecholamines serotonin

  2020-07-03

  

  Although many neurotransmitters (e.g., catecholamines, serotonin, and excitatory/inhibitory amino acids) have been implicated in the modulation of anxiety-like responses (Carobrez et al., 2001, Molchanov and Guimaraes, 2002, Vianna et al., 2001), the so-called atypical neurotransmitters, endocannabi

• br Introduction Cell transplantation therapies using

  2020-07-03

  

  Introduction Cell transplantation therapies using embryonic stem cell (ESC) and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived retinal tissue (ESC/iPSC retina) or HG-9-91-01 have emerged as therapeutic options for retinal degeneration following recent breakthroughs. A number of groups have shown th

• Similar to Bdnf acute administration of RG did

  2020-07-02

  

  Similar to Bdnf4, acute administration of RG108 did not alter gene expression of Gria1 and Hdac2, despite their relevance for the task. Gria1 belongs to the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic DAMGO synthesis receptor (AMPAR) family that is known to be crucial for LTP and the strengtheni

• 87 59 mg Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Micr

  2020-07-02

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Microbial production of trans-4Hyp, an added-value amino 87 59 mg for pharmaceuticals, offers significant advantages over conventional chemical extraction in economic and environmental aspects. However the low titer and productivity with the existing

• bethanechol chloride receptor br Experimental section br Ack

  2020-07-02

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgments MIN6 cells were kindly provided by Dr. Junichi Miyazaki, Osaka University. This research was supported in part by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (JP16H05099 and JP18H04609 to K.H., and JP16H06574 to T.U.), SENTAN

• br Protein protein interactions of LEI L

  2020-07-02

  

  Protein-protein interactions of LEI/L-DNase II and the control of cell death Evolutionary tips The serpin inhibitory mechanism is extremely well adapted to evolutionary changes because a single amino WAY-600 receptor substitution in the RSL can led to the inhibition of a totally different pro

• In this study we implicate SCFFBXO

  2020-07-02

  

  In this study, we implicate SCFFBXO3 E3 ligase as a critical modulator of inflammation in atherosclerosis and demonstrate the efficacy of a small molecule FBXO3 inhibitor in suppressing inflammatory responses important in atherosclerosis. Specifically, individuals carrying a hypofunctioning genetic

• The Rev protein is a crucial regulator

  2020-07-02

  

  The Rev1 protein is a crucial regulator of TLS activity because of its structural function [10]; therefore, we focused on Rev1 to investigate how Dot1/Rad53 function impinges on TLS-dependent mutagenic bypass of MMS-induced lesions. In particular, we examined Rev1 localization to chromatin by immuno

• W146 br Introduction DNA ligation is

  2020-07-02

  

  Introduction DNA ligation is required during DNA replication and to complete almost all DNA repair events. In human cells, the DNA ligases encoded by three LIG genes are responsible for joining interruptions in the phosphodiester backbone [1]. These enzymes have distinct but overlapping functions

• Members of the Nudix family typically

  2020-07-02

  

  Members of the Nudix family typically contain a 23-amino-acid sequence (Nudix box) of GxExREUxEExGU, where U is usually Ile, Leu, or Val and x represents any amino acid. The EUxEE core residues serve as anchors for an Mg ligand that associates with a characteristic pyrophosphate linkage that is comm

• The cysteinyl leukotrienes cysLTs LTC LTD

  2020-07-02

  

  The cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) LTC, LTD, and LTE are increased in the airways of asthmatic subjects, with the ability to induce bronchoconstriction, vascular permeability, and mucus secretion., , , , CysLTs are well established as mediators of allergic rhinitis and asthma on the basis of the e

• On the other hand the IL promoter

  2020-07-02

  

  On the other hand, the IL-8 promoter activity induced by the signalling cascade of the CysLT1-G300S receptor is higher than that of the WT receptor. The chemokine IL-8 is mainly involved in the recruitment and activation of neutrophils and we have previously shown that this chemokine gene is a targe

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